Fluid properties

The various properties are

Density or Mass density: Mass per unit volume of the liquid is called density or mass density. S.I. unit of density is kg/m³. It is generally denoted by ‘ρ’. Mass density of water is 1000 kg/m³.

Mass density = ρ = Mass / Volume

Weight density or specific weight: Weight per unit volume of a liquid at standard pressure and temperature. S.I. unit of weight density is N/m³.

Weight density = Weight / volume = mg / V = ρg

Specific volume: Volume of the fluid per unit weight is known as specific volume. S.I. unit of specific weight is m³/N.

Specific weight = Volume / Weight

For gas flow, specific volume is the volume of the fluid per unit mass.

Specific weight = Volume / mass

Specific gravity: It is the ratio of specific weight of the fluid taken to the specific weight of a standard fluid.